Graphenic nanospace: Bondonic entanglement perspectives

The recently predicted quantum particles of the chemical bonding, the bondons, are recognized as the elemental driving quasi-particle driving EPR (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen) entangling signal under the topological Stone-Wales rotations in a quantum completeness Alice-Bob nano-portation typical description among their representation on carbon-based nano-structures as fullerenic, graphenic, including positive and negative nanospace evertions. To this end, special conceptual symmetrical related framework is through the three significant levels: (i) spherical symmetry—by the morphism between fullerene 240 and icosahedral modeled SARS-Cov-2 surface patterned coronavirus, toward providing the topo-reactive triggered activity by means of HOMO and LUMO electronegativity and chemical hardness based descriptors;(ii) planar symmetry—through the carbon-based graphentronics is advanced at the bondonic quantum level controlling the logical gates in metrological transmitting the qubit Bob's signal in homo-mixed graphenic plated and—for the new generation of photovoltaics (PV) by bondots (bondons as quantum dots)—toward 2(N)-Qbits entangled pristine and defective (by Stone-Wale rotations) double graphenic sheets;(iii) self-folding symmetry—across the graphenic modified surfaces in positive (nano-tori) and negative (Klein Bottle) nanospaces in driving the bondonic bosonic transmission by dynamics of quantum chemical bonding on extended nano-surfaces. [ FROM AUTHOR]

Graphenic nanospace: Bondonic entanglement perspectives

The recently predicted quantum particles of the chemical bonding, the bondons, are recognized as the elemental driving quasi-particle driving EPR (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen) entangling signal under the topological Stone-Wales rotations in a quantum completeness Alice-Bob nano-portation typical description among their representation on carbon-based nano-structures as fullerenic, graphenic, including positive and negative nanospace evertions. To this end, special conceptual symmetrical related framework is through the three significant levels: (i) spherical symmetry-by the morphism between fullerene 240 and icosahedral modeled SARS-Cov-2 surface patterned coronavirus, toward providing the topo-reactive triggered activity by means of HOMO and LUMO electronegativity and chemical hardness based descriptors;(ii) planar symmetry-through the carbon-based graphentronics is advanced at the bondonic quantum level controlling the logical gates in metrological transmitting the qubit Bob's signal in homo-mixed graphenic plated and-for the new generation of photovoltaics (PV) by bondots (bondons as quantum dots)-toward 2(N)-Qbits entangled pristine and defective (by Stone-Wale rotations) double graphenic sheets;(iii) self-folding symmetry-across the graphenic modified surfaces in positive (nano-tori) and negative (Klein Bottle) nanospaces in driving the bondonic bosonic transmission by dynamics of quantum chemical bonding on extended nano-surfaces.

Topological and Multivalent Effects in Glycofullerene Oligomers as EBOLA Virus Inhibitors

The synthesis of new biocompatible antiviral materials to fight against the development of multidrug resistance is being widely explored. Due to their unique globular structure and excellent properties, [60]fullerene-based antivirals are very promising bioconjugates. In this work, fullerene derivatives with different topologies and number of glycofullerene units were synthesized by using a SPAAC copper free strategy. This procedure allowed the synthesis of compounds 1–3, containing from 20 to 40 mannose units, in a very efficient manner and in short reaction times under MW irradiation. The glycoderivatives were studied in an infection assay by a pseudotyped viral particle with Ebola virus GP1. The results obtained show that these glycofullerene oligomers are efficient inhibitors of EBOV infection with IC50s in the nanomolar range. In particular, compound 3, with four glycofullerene moieties, presents an outstanding relative inhibitory potency (RIP). We propose that this high RIP value stems from the appropriate topological features that efficiently interact with DC-SIGN.

Direct Imaging of Modulatory Neurotransmitters Using Synthetic Nanosensors to Understand and Treat Parkinson's Disease

Nanosensors for the optical detection of dopamine in brain slice has been validated in wildtype C57/C6 mice as well as a Parkinson's model mouse. Using nanosensors, endogenous dopamine release in striatal brain slice is triggered by electrical stimulation and quantified using microscopy. We have established the workflow for this procedure and have prepared a population of Parkinson's and wildtype mice to image in the coming quarter. We have confirmed that the method can quantitatively distinguish dopamine release between subregions of the striatum, a critical step in confirming the method for use in Parkinson's studies. COVID-19 shutdowns stalled research starting in Mar. Research facilities are reopening and the project is expected to resume this quarter.

Multifunctional carbon nanomaterials for diagnostic applications in infectious diseases and tumors.

Infectious diseases (such as Corona Virus Disease 2019) and tumors pose a tremendous challenge to global public health. Early diagnosis of infectious diseases and tumors can lead to effective control and early intervention of the patient's condition. Over the past few decades, carbon nanomaterials (CNs) have attracted widespread attention in different scientific disciplines. In the field of biomedicine, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon quantum dots and fullerenes have the ability of improving the accuracy of the diagnosis by the improvement of the diagnostic approaches. Therefore, this review highlights their applications in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and tumors over the past five years. Recent advances in the field of biosensing, bioimaging, and nucleic acid amplification by such CNs are introduced and discussed, emphasizing the importance of their unique properties in infectious disease and tumor diagnosis and the challenges and opportunities that exist for future clinical applications. Although the application of CNs in the diagnosis of several diseases is still at a beginning stage, biosensors, bioimaging technologies and nucleic acid amplification technologies built on CNs represent a new generation of promising diagnostic tools that further support their potential application in infectious disease and tumor diagnosis.

Ab Initio Insight into the Interaction of Metal-Decorated Fluorinated Carbon Fullerenes with Anti-COVID Drugs.

We theoretically investigated the adsorption of two common anti-COVID drugs, favipiravir and chloroquine, on fluorinated C60 fullerene, decorated with metal ions Cr3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Ni2+. We focused on the effect of fluoridation on the interaction of fullerene with metal ions and drugs in an aqueous solution. We considered three model systems, C60, C60F2 and C60F48, and represented pristine, low-fluorinated and high-fluorinated fullerenes, respectively. Adsorption energies, deformation of fullerene and drug molecules, frontier molecular orbitals and vibrational spectra were investigated in detail. We found that different drugs and different ions interacted differently with fluorinated fullerenes. Cr3+ and Fe2+ ions lead to the defluorination of low-fluorinated fullerenes. Favipiravir also leads to their defluorination with the formation of HF molecules. Therefore, fluorinated fullerenes are not suitable for the delivery of favipiravir and similar drugs molecules. In contrast, we found that fluorine enhances the adsorption of Ni2+ and Fe3+ ions on fullerene and their activity to chloroquine. Ni2+-decorated fluorinated fullerenes were found to be stable and suitable carriers for the loading of chloroquine. Clear shifts of infrared, ultraviolet and visible spectra can provide control over the loading of chloroquine on Ni2+-doped fluorinated fullerenes.

An Androsterone-H2 @C60 hybrid: Synthesis, Properties and Molecular Docking Simulations with SARS-Cov-2.

We report the synthesis and characterization of a fullerene-steroid hybrid that contains H2 @C60 and a dehydroepiandrosterone moiety synthesized by a cyclopropanation reaction with 76 % yield. Theoretical calculations at the DFT-D3(BJ)/PBE 6-311G(d,p) level predict the most stable conformation and that the saturation of a double bond is the main factor causing the upfield shielding of the signal appearing at -3.13 ppm, which corresponds to the H2 located inside the fullerene cage. Relevant stereoelectronic parameters were also investigated and reinforce the idea that electronic interactions must be considered to develop studies on chemical-biological interactions. A molecular docking simulation predicted that the binding energy values for the protease-hybrid complexes were -9.9 kcal/mol and -13.5 kcal/mol for PLpro and 3CLpro respectively, indicating the potential use of the synthesized steroid-H2 @C60 as anti-SARS-Cov-2 agent.